Varicose veins of the small pelvis in women are characterized by their increase in diameter and incentability.Most often, this condition is associated with impaired venous valves.Despite a sufficiently high prevalence, this disease is rarely diagnosed.
This is due to the variety of symptoms, the main of which is always the pain syndrome.It is characteristic of gynecological, neurological, gastrointestinal pathologies.Sometimes VRVMT is disguised as diseases of the musculoskeletal system-in particular, under the rooser syndrome and arthrosis of the hip joints.
Description and reasons
Extended veins in the pelvis are not always visualized, since they are often located deep under the skin.This is one of the reasons for the complexity of the diagnosis.With VRVMT, the elasticity and tone of the veins decreases, the blood circulates worse and begins to stagnate.As a result of blockage and bloating of veins, an obstacle is created for the outflow of blood.
The BRVMT mechanism is based on the failure of the ovarian veins, which is why the blood flows back, and reflux occurs.This leads to an increase in intravenous pressure and stagnation of blood, as well as the formation of additional circles of blood circulation - collaterals.
The most important starting factor is dysplasia - underdevelopment of connective tissue, which is approximately in a third of the population.Dyplasia is an congenital defect in which the level of collagen necessary for the strength of the vessels is reduced.
In the postmenopausal period, the severity of varicose veins decreases, which indicates in favor of the theory of hormonal influence on the state of veins.
Significantly weaken the tone of the venous system is capable of progesterone - a female sex hormone, which is also called a "hormone of pregnancy."On the one hand, it reduces uterine tone, thereby preventing a miscarriage, and on the other, it weakens the walls of blood vessels and causes their expansion.The situation is aggravated with the growth of the uterus, which presses more and more on large veins and provokes the formation of bypass pathways of blood flow, collaterals.That is why VRVMT is very common during pregnancy.
The factors of increased risk of the development of varicose veins include the following:
- too high or, conversely, insufficient physical activity;
- multiple;
- multiple or complex birth;
- gynecological diseases - endometriosis, myoma, etc.;
- Long -term intake of steroid hormones, including contraceptives.
Types and degrees
Varicose veins in the pelvis are of two types.The first type is called varicose veins of vulva and perineum, the second - the syndrome of the pelvic venous plethora.Both types can develop in isolation or combine with each other, which happens most often.Pregnant women face mainly with damage to vulvar veins, which in more than 91% of cases passes independently after childbirth.
VRVMT is also classified by origin and localization.By origin, varicose veins are divided into primary and secondary.Primary varicose veins develops due to insufficiency of venous valves.Pregnancy becomes its trigger.Secondary varicose veins is due to system diseases.
According to the localization of VRVMT, it is total when all the veins of the pelvis are affected, and by partial, which affects selectively one or more veins.Depending on the diameter of the veins, 3 degrees of severity are distinguished:
- 1 tbsp.- up to ½ cm;
- 2 tbsp.- 0.6 - 1 cm;
- 3 tbsp.- More than 1 cm.
Symptoms
Symptoms of varicose veins include:
- painful bursting and heaviness in the lower abdomen;
- an increase in the number of discharge;
- various violations of urination;
- A rapid weight gain is already at the beginning of gestation.
Soreness, as a rule, increases after sexual intercourse, hypothermia, long walking or standing.With damage to surface veins, veins and a bluish-red vascular mesh can appear on the genitals and at the top of the hips.
Often, signs of varicose veins resemble cystitis: sharply painful urination in small portions.
Closer to the end of pregnancy, burning and swelling in the genitals may appear.A similar symptom requires special attention, since the development of inflammation or rupture of veins that can lead to severe bleeding is not excluded.
What is the dangerous VRVMT
Varicose veins can give several complications that pose a danger to life.First of all, it is thrombophlebitis or thromboembolism - inflammation of the dilatated veins, leading to the formation of blood clots.If the blood clot - a blood clot - will clog the vessel, the blood supply to the placenta will be blocked.The result of blockage will be fetoplacental failure and fetal hypoxia.
Another serious complication is the threat of miscarriage and premature birth, due to a violation of blood circulation.
Due to expanded veins, doctors can prohibit giving birth in a natural way to minimize the risk of rupture of veins, threatening internal or uterine bleeding.
Treatment
In pregnant women, medication therapy is limited to taking phlebotonics and anti -tromboid drugs.With pronounced pains, the use of funds from the group of non -steroidal anti -inflammatory (NSAIDs) is allowed.If there is a threat of an oxygen starvation of the child, treatment is carried out in a hospital using antihypoxy preparations.
Starting from the fourth month, you can do a phlebosklerizing operation, during which a venosclerosing agent is introduced into the affected veins.The effect of the procedure is evaluated after 7 days, if necessary, it is repeated.All week after surgery it is necessary to wear compression linen.You can achieve involution of veins in one session, but more often you have to carry out 3-4 phlebosclerosis procedures.
Persistent pain syndrome and a large diameter of advanced veins exceeding 1 cm, is an indication for surgical intervention.It can only be carried out in the first 2 trimester of pregnancy with gentle methods of laser or radio wave coagulation.If the VRVMT is caused by retroflexion of the uterus, plastic surgery is carried out on the uterine ligaments.
Doctors advise pregnant women with diagnosed varicose veins of the small pelvis more and do exercises that prevent blood stagnation in the pelvis.Wearing a compression bandage and diet will help to slow down the progression of VRVMT.
The menu should be made in such a way that it mainly contains plant foods, as well as fermented milk products and cereals in sufficient volume.
A good effect gives the ascending contrast, or perineal shower.During the procedure, a woman sits on a special seat in the form of a ring, water is supplied from below and directed to the crotch.The duration of the procedure is 3-5 minutes, the course of treatment includes from 15 to 20 sessions.
The prevention of the development and progress of varicose veins is mainly reduced to optimizing motor activity and nutrition.The most important thing is to exclude long -term static and dynamic loads, as well as adjust the diet, introduce more fruits and vegetables into the diet.In the initial stages of varicose veins, exercise therapy and respiratory gymnastics, wearing compression products from knitwear.